Abstract
Rocks tell a story, as do corroded refractories and metallurgical process samples. We have to read the script and tell the story in our own words. I will share three stories to illustrate how my background in geology helped me to make 1 + 1 = 11 in the analysis of samples from a fluidised bed reduction process and a ferrosilicon furnace.

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Biography
Johan Nell is a geologist-turned-pyrometallurgist with a PhD from Northwestern University in Chicago, Illinois. Over the last 40 years, he worked on high-temperature processes at Mintek, Hatch, Tronox and now, Ex Mente.